CLASS 4 EVS Agriculture in India
AGRICULTURE
IN INDIA
KEY WORDS
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agriculture
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cosmetic
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millets
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climatic
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livestock
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economic
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plantation
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fertilizer
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farming
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aesthetic
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irrigation
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pesticides
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nursery
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Kharif
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oilseeds
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threshing
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propagation
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Rabi
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ploughing
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winnowing
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farmer
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consumption
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sowing
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harvesting
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cultivates
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foodgrains
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weeding
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storage
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Define the terms
1.
Farming: Farming is tilling of soil
by the farmers, during which they sow seeds and harvest crops for their
benefits.
2.
Livestock rearing:
Keeping domestic animals for commercial use
and for the use of human beings is called rearing of livestock.
3.
Agriculture: Agriculture
means farming and rearing of livestock.
4.
Farmer: A person who
cultivates crops, sometimes alone or at other times with members of the family
or sometimes along with the cooperation of few other people is a farmer.
5.
Farm: The place where crops
are grown is known as a farm.
6.
Crop: A crop is a cultivated
plant of the same kind, grown on a large scale, whose product is harvested by
the farmer at some point of its growth stage.
Answer the following questions
Q-1 Why agriculture is called a natural
resource?
Ans-1 Agriculture is called a natural resource
because crops grown are dependent on natural factors such as soil, air, water
etc.
Q-2What is organic farming?
Ans-2 Organic farming is a method of
farming where a crop in cultivated in such a way as to keep the soil alive and
in good health.
Q-3 Write a point of difference between
farming and agriculture.
Ans 3
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Agriculture
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Farming
|
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Agriculture means
practice of both farming as well as rearing of livestock.
|
Farming
means
tilling
of soil by the farmers during which they sow seeds and harvest crops for
their
benefits.
|
Q-4 Which are the 2 types of crops cultivated on the basis of
seasons.
Ans-2
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Rabi
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Kharif
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The Rabi crops are grown during the winter season
Eg: Wheat, gram, peas, etc.
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The Kharif crops are grown during monsoon season.
Eg: Rice ,maize , groundnut
|
Q-5 Write difference between food crop and
cash crops.
Ans-5
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Food crop
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Cash crops
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Crops grown for human consumption are called food crops.
Eg: Wheat, rice, millets etc.
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Crops grown for sale either in a raw form or in semi-processed
form.
Eg: cotton, jute, tobacco etc.
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Extra question
Q-1
Why
are crops cultivated?
Ans-1Crops
are cultivated for various purposes such as food, clothing, livestock fodder,
fuel or for economic purpose such as dyes, medicinal, and cosmetic use, or even
for aesthetic purposes such as flowers.
Q2
Which
type of soil is favourable for cultivating rice?
Ans-2
Fertile alluvial soil is favorable for cultivating rice.
Q-3. Name any four
states producing wheat. (H.W)
India's agriculture is composed of many crops, with the foremost food staples being rice and wheat. Indian farmers also grow pulses, potatoes, sugarcane, oilseeds, and such non-food items as cotton, tea, coffee, rubber, and jute (a glossy fiber used to make burlap and twine). India is a fisheries giant as well. A total catch of about 3 million metric tons annually ranks India among the world's top 10 fishing nations. Despite the overwhelming size of the agricultural sector, however, yields per hectare of crops in India are generally low compared to international standards. Improper water management is another problem affecting India's agriculture. At a time of increasing water shortages and environmental crises, for example, the rice crop in India is allocated disproportionately high amounts of water. One result of the inefficient use of water is that water tables in regions of rice cultivation, such as Punjab, are on the rise, while soil fertility is on the decline. Aggravating the agricultural situation is an ongoing Asian drought and inclement weather. Although during 2000-01 a monsoon with average rainfall had been expected, prospects of agricultural production during that period were not considered bright. This has partially been due to relatively unfavorable distribution of rainfall, leading to floods in certain parts of the country and droughts in some others.
ReplyDeleteIndian Agriculture.
Despite the fact that agriculture accounts for as much as a quarter of the Indian economy and employs an estimated 60 percent of the labor force, it is considered highly inefficient, wasteful, and incapable of solving the hunger and malnutrition problems. Despite progress in this area, these problems have continued to frustrate India for decades. It is estimated that as much as one-fifth of the total agricultural output is lost due to inefficiencies in harvesting, transport, and storage of government-subsidized crops.
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